The Status of Vitamin D, Hemoglobin Level, ABO Blood Groups and Helicobacter pylori Infection among Patients in Tobruk, Libya

• Amani S Yousif

  Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tobruk, Tobruk, Libya.

  Author

• Munira A Hamad

  Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tobruk, Tobruk, Libya.

  Author

• Ebtesam S Abd-Alrazeq

  Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Omar Almukhtar , Elbyda,Libya.

  Author

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection represents one of the most prevalent public health concerns globally, particularly in developing nations. Vitamin D deficiency and anemia are associated with compromised immunological function, chronic fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbances, and diminished quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests potential correlations between nutritional deficiencies and chronic infections, especially H. pylori, which may impair absorption of essential nutrients including Vitamin D and iron. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate Vitamin D levels, hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, ABO blood group distribution, and H. pylori infection prevalence among patients in Tobruk, Libya, and to investigate potential interrelationships between these parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 145 participants. Demographic characteristics and laboratory data were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and median values, while qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: The mean serum Vitamin D concentration was 9.38 ± 3.27 ng/mL, indicating severe deficiency among most participants. The mean hemoglobin level was 9.68 ± 1.01 g/dL, reflecting significant anemia prevalence. Females constituted 56.6% of the study population, and the age group above 35 years represented 35.9% of cases. Blood group A+ was most prevalent (53.1%), followed by AB+ (22.8%). The mean H. pylori stool antigen level was 41.60 ± 43.57. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a high prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency, anemia, and H. pylori infection among the study population. Blood group A+ was the predominant phenotype. These findings emphasize the necessity for early screening, nutritional assessment, and appropriate therapeutic interventions to improve health outcomes and reduce disease complications.

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