Spinal vs. General Anesthesia in Elective Cesarean Section: A Study of Preferences and Outcomes

• Huda Emsaad Al-Harire

  Derna University, Anesthesia Department, Faculty of Medicine, Derna, Libya

  Author

Background: This study evaluates and compares the effects of spinal and general anaesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes during elective cesarean sections, aiming to provide insights into their physiological and clinical impacts. Methods: A total of 38 full-term, low-risk pregnant women were equally divided into two groups: Group I (spinal anaesthesia, n=19) and Group II (general anaesthesia, n=19). Maternal demographic data, intraoperative hemodynamics, postoperative recovery parameters, and neonatal outcomes (Apgar scores and birth weight) were assessed. Statistical analysis determined the significance of differences between groups. Results: Maternal outcomes: Spinal anaesthesia was associated with transient intraoperative hypotension, shorter operation times, faster return of bowel function, and slightly delayed but moderate postoperative analgesia requirements. General anaesthesia showed more stable intraoperative blood pressure initially, but higher postoperative pain scores and analgesia needs. Neonatal outcomes: First-minute Apgar scores were slightly higher in the general anaesthesia group (p < 0.001), but all differences resolved by the fifth minute, indicating similar short-term neonatal safety. Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia provides advantages in maternal hemodynamic stability and early recovery, supporting its use as the preferred anaesthetic method for elective cesarean sections. General anaesthesia remains a safe alternative in select cases. with no significant long-term neonatal differences observed. These findings highlight the importance of individualised anaesthesia choice based on maternal and obstetric considerations

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